非常实用的常用Linux运维Shell脚本 运维可以根据实际情况进行修改 {message type="success" content="本文章长期更新常用脚本"/}{collapse}{collapse-item label="mysql备份脚本" open}#!/bin/bash set -e USER="backup" PASSWORD="backup" # 数据库数据目录 # DATA_DIR="/data/mysql" BIN_INDEX=$DATA_DIR"/mysql-bin.index" # 备份目录 # BACKUP_DIR="/data/backup/mysql" BACKUP_LOG="/var/log/mysql/backup.log" DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d"` TIME=`date +"%Y%m%d%H"` LOG_TIME=`date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` DELETE_BINLOG_TIME="7 day" INCREMENT_INTERVAL="3 hour" note() { printf "[$LOG_TIME] note: $*\n" >> $BACKUP_LOG; } warning() { printf "[$LOG_TIME] warning: $*\n" >> $BACKUP_LOG; } error() { printf "[$LOG_TIME] error: $*\n" >> $BACKUP_LOG; exit 1; } full_backup() { local dbs=`ls -l $DATA_DIR | grep "^d" | awk -F " " '{print $9}'` for db in $dbs do local backup_dir=$BACKUP_DIR"/full/"$db local filename=$db"."$DATE local backup_file=$backup_dir"/"$filename".sql" if [ ! -d $backup_dir ] then mkdir -p $backup_dir || { error "创建数据库 $db 全量备份目录 $backup_dir 失败"; continue; } note "数据库 $db 全量备份目录 $backup_dir 不存在，创建完成"; fi note "full backup $db start ..." mysqldump --user=${USER} --password=${PASSWORD} --flush-logs --skip-lock-tables --quick $db > $backup_file || { warning "数据库 $db 备份失败"; continue; } cd $backup_dir tar -cPzf $filename".tar.gz" $filename".sql" rm -f $backup_file chown -fR mysql:mysql $backup_dir note "数据库 $db 备份成功"; note "full backup $db end." done } increment_backup() { local StartTime=`date "-d $INCREMENT_INTERVAL ago" +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` local DELETE_BINLOG_END_TIME=`date "-d $DELETE_BINLOG_TIME ago" +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` local dbs=`ls -l $DATA_DIR | grep "^d" | awk -F " " '{print $9}'` mysql -u$USER -p$PASSWORD -e "purge master logs before '$DELETE_BINLOG_END_TIME'" && note "delete $DELETE_BINLOG_TIME days before log"; filename=`cat $BIN_INDEX | awk -F "/" '{print $2}'` for i in $filename do for db in $dbs do local backup_dir=$BACKUP_DIR"/increment/"$db local filename=$db"."$TIME local backup_file=$backup_dir"/"$filename".sql" if [ ! -d $backup_dir ] then mkdir -p $backup_dir || { error "创建数据库 $db 增量备份目录 $backup_dir 失败"; continue; } note "数据库 $db 增量备份目录 $backup_dir 不存在，创建完成"; fi note "increment backup $db form time $StartTime start ..." mysqlbinlog -d $db --start-datetime="$StartTime" $DATA_DIR/$i >> $backup_file || { warning "数据库 $db 备份失败"; continue; } note "increment backup $db end." done done for db in $dbs do local backup_dir=$BACKUP_DIR"/increment/"$db local filename=$db"."$TIME local backup_file=$backup_dir"/"$filename".sql" cd $backup_dir tar -cPzf $filename".tar.gz" $filename".sql" rm -f $backup_file note "数据库 $db 备份成功"; done } case "$1" in full) full_backup ;; increment) increment_backup ;; *) exit 2 ;; esac exit 1{/collapse-item}{collapse-item label="Dos 攻击防范(自动屏蔽攻击 IP)"}#!/bin/bash DATE=$(date +%d/%b/%Y:%H:%M) LOG_FILE=/usr/local/nginx/logs/demo2.access.log ABNORMAL_IP=$(tail -n5000 $LOG_FILE |grep $DATE |awk '{a[$1]++}END{for(i in a)if(a[i]>10)print i}') for IP in $ABNORMAL_IP; do if [ $(iptables -vnL |grep -c "$IP") -eq 0 ]; then iptables -I INPUT -s $IP -j DROP echo "$(date +'%F_%T') $IP" >> /tmp/drop_ip.log fi done{/collapse-item}{collapse-item label="Linux 系统发送告警脚本"}# yum install mailx # vi /etc/mail.rc set from=baojingtongzhi@163.com smtp=smtp.163.com set smtp-auth-user=baojingtongzhi@163.com smtp-auth-password=******* set smtp-auth=login{/collapse-item}{collapse-item label="MySQL 数据库备份单循环"}#!/bin/bash DATE=$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S) HOST=localhost USER=backup PASS=123.com BACKUP_DIR=/data/db_backup DB_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e "show databases;" 2>/dev/null |egrep -v "Database|information_schema|mysql|performance_schema|sys") for DB in $DB_LIST; do BACKUP_NAME=$BACKUP_DIR/${DB}_${DATE}.sql if ! mysqldump -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -B $DB > $BACKUP_NAME 2>/dev/null; then echo "$BACKUP_NAME 备份失败!" fi done{/collapse-item}{collapse-item label="MySQL 数据库备份多循环"}#!/bin/bash DATE=$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S) HOST=localhost USER=backup PASS=123.com BACKUP_DIR=/data/db_backup DB_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e "show databases;" 2>/dev/null |egrep -v "Database|information_schema|mysql|performance_schema|sys") for DB in $DB_LIST; do BACKUP_DB_DIR=$BACKUP_DIR/${DB}_${DATE} [ ! -d $BACKUP_DB_DIR ] && mkdir -p $BACKUP_DB_DIR &>/dev/null TABLE_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e "use $DB;show tables;" 2>/dev/null) for TABLE in $TABLE_LIST; do BACKUP_NAME=$BACKUP_DB_DIR/${TABLE}.sql if ! mysqldump -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS $DB $TABLE > $BACKUP_NAME 2>/dev/null; then echo "$BACKUP_NAME 备份失败!" fi done done{/collapse-item}{collapse-item label="Nginx 访问访问日志按天切割"}#!/bin/bash LOG_DIR=/usr/local/nginx/logs YESTERDAY_TIME=$(date -d "yesterday" +%F) LOG_MONTH_DIR=$LOG_DIR/$(date +"%Y-%m") LOG_FILE_LIST="default.access.log" for LOG_FILE in $LOG_FILE_LIST; do [ ! -d $LOG_MONTH_DIR ] && mkdir -p $LOG_MONTH_DIR mv $LOG_DIR/$LOG_FILE $LOG_MONTH_DIR/${LOG_FILE}_${YESTERDAY_TIME} done kill -USR1 $(cat /var/run/nginx.pid){/collapse-item}{collapse-item label="Nginx 访问日志分析脚本"}#!/bin/bash # 日志格式: $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" LOG_FILE=$1 echo "统计访问最多的10个IP" awk '{a[$1]++}END{print "UV:",length(a);for(v in a)print v,a[v]}' $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr |head -10 echo "----------------------" echo "统计时间段访问最多的IP" awk '$4>="[01/Dec/2018:13:20:25" && $4<="[27/Nov/2018:16:20:49"{a[$1]++}END{for(v in a)print v,a[v]}' $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr|head -10 echo "----------------------" echo "统计访问最多的10个页面" awk '{a[$7]++}END{print "PV:",length(a);for(v in a){if(a[v]>10)print v,a[v]}}' $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr echo "----------------------" echo "统计访问页面状态码数量" awk '{a[$7" "$9]++}END{for(v in a){if(a[v]>5)print v,a[v]}}'{/collapse-item}{collapse-item label="查看网卡实时流量脚本"}#!/bin/bash NIC=$1 echo -e " In ------ Out" while true; do OLD_IN=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $2}' /proc/net/dev) OLD_OUT=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $10}' /proc/net/dev) sleep 1 NEW_IN=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $2}' /proc/net/dev) NEW_OUT=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $10}' /proc/net/dev) IN=$(printf "%.1f%s" "$((($NEW_IN-$OLD_IN)/1024))" "KB/s") OUT=$(printf "%.1f%s" "$((($NEW_OUT-$OLD_OUT)/1024))" "KB/s") echo "$IN $OUT" sleep 1 done{/collapse-item}{collapse-item label="服务器系统配置初始化脚本"}#/bin/bash # 设置时区并同步时间 ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime if ! crontab -l |grep ntpdate &>/dev/null ; then (echo "* 1 * * * ntpdate time.windows.com >/dev/null 2>&1";crontab -l) |crontab fi # 禁用selinux sed -i '/SELINUX/{s/permissive/disabled/}' /etc/selinux/config # 关闭防火墙 if egrep "7.[0-9]" /etc/redhat-release &>/dev/null; then systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld elif egrep "6.[0-9]" /etc/redhat-release &>/dev/null; then service iptables stop chkconfig iptables off fi # 历史命令显示操作时间 if ! grep HISTTIMEFORMAT /etc/bashrc; then echo 'export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%F %T `whoami` "' >> /etc/bashrc fi # SSH超时时间 if ! grep "TMOUT=600" /etc/profile &>/dev/null; then echo "export TMOUT=600" >> /etc/profile fi # 禁止root远程登录 sed -i 's/#PermitRootLogin yes/PermitRootLogin no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config # 禁止定时任务向发送邮件 sed -i 's/^MAILTO=root/MAILTO=""/' /etc/crontab # 设置最大打开文件数 if ! grep "* soft nofile 65535" /etc/security/limits.conf &>/dev/null; then cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF * soft nofile 65535 * hard nofile 65535 EOF fi # 系统内核优化 cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 20480 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 20480 net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144 net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 20 EOF # 减少SWAP使用 echo "0" > /proc/sys/vm/swappiness # 安装系统性能分析工具及其他 yum install gcc make autoconf vim sysstat net-tools iostat if{/collapse-item}{collapse-item label="监控 100 台服务器磁盘利用率脚本"}#!/bin/bash HOST_INFO=host.info for IP in $(awk '/^[^#]/{print $1}' $HOST_INFO); do USER=$(awk -v ip=$IP 'ip==$1{print $2}' $HOST_INFO) PORT=$(awk -v ip=$IP 'ip==$1{print $3}' $HOST_INFO) TMP_FILE=/tmp/disk.tmp ssh -p $PORT $USER@$IP 'df -h' > $TMP_FILE USE_RATE_LIST=$(awk 'BEGIN{OFS="="}/^\/dev/{print $NF,int($5)}' $TMP_FILE) for USE_RATE in $USE_RATE_LIST; do PART_NAME=${USE_RATE%=*} USE_RATE=${USE_RATE#*=} if [ $USE_RATE -ge 80 ]; then echo "Warning: $PART_NAME Partition usage $USE_RATE%!" fi done done{/collapse-item}{collapse-item label="mysqldump备份所有库脚本"}#!/bin/bash date=`date +%Y_%m_%d'___'%H_%M_%S` ####################################### project_path=$(cd `dirname $0`; pwd) ####################################### start_time=`date --date='0 days ago' "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` u="puser" p="!O2222n" ip="127.0.0.1" port="3306" pwd="/opt/Myslq_Backup" mysql -u$u -p$p "-e show databases;" |awk '{print $1}' |egrep -v -e "Database" -e "performance_schema" -e "information_schema" > $pwd/Database_text for i in `(cat $pwd/Database_text)` do mysqldump -u$u -p$p $i > $pwd/${i}_$date.sql gzip $pwd/${i}_$date.sql done find $pwd/ -mtime +30 -name "*.gz" -exec rm -rf {} \; finish_time=`date --date='0 days ago' "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` duration=$(($(($(date +%s -d "$finish_time")-$(date +%s -d "$start_time"))))) echo -e "\033[41m 本次执行脚本耗时: $duration秒 \033[0m"{/collapse-item}{/collapse}

Linux 服务器日常巡检脚本分享 Linux 系统日常巡检脚本，巡检内容包含了，磁盘，内存`cpu进程文件更改`用户登录等一系列的操作直接用就行了。报告以邮件发送到邮箱在log下生成巡检报告。#!/bin/bash # @Author: Luckly # @Date: 2021-11-16 09:56:57 # @Last Modified by: Luckly # @Last Modified time: 2022-06-21 11:06:31 # @E-mail: llswdhh@163.com #!/bin/bash #主机信息每日巡检 IPADDR=$(ifconfig eth0|grep 'inet '|awk '{print $2}') #环境变量PATH没设好，在cron里执行时有很多命令会找不到 export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin source /etc/profile [ $(id -u) -gt 0 ] && echo "请用root用户执行此脚本！" && exit 1 centosVersion=$(awk '{print $(NF-1)}' /etc/redhat-release) VERSION="2021-11-16" #日志相关 PROGPATH=`echo $0 | sed -e 's,[\\/][^\\/][^\\/]*$,,'` [ -f $PROGPATH ] && PROGPATH="." LOGPATH="$PROGPATH/log" [ -e $LOGPATH ] || mkdir $LOGPATH RESULTFILE="$LOGPATH/`date +%Y-%m-%d`-HostDailyCheck-${IPADDR}.txt" #定义报表的全局变量 report_DateTime="" #日期 ok report_Hostname="" #主机名 ok report_OSRelease="" #发行版本 ok report_Kernel="" #内核 ok report_Language="" #语言/编码 ok report_LastReboot="" #最近启动时间 ok report_Uptime="" #运行时间（天） ok report_CPUs="" #CPU数量 ok report_CPUType="" #CPU类型 ok report_Arch="" #CPU架构 ok report_MemTotal="" #内存总容量(MB) ok report_MemFree="" #内存剩余(MB) ok report_MemUsedPercent="" #内存使用率% ok report_DiskTotal="" #硬盘总容量(GB) ok report_DiskFree="" #硬盘剩余(GB) ok report_DiskUsedPercent="" #硬盘使用率% ok report_InodeTotal="" #Inode总量 ok report_InodeFree="" #Inode剩余 ok report_InodeUsedPercent="" #Inode使用率 ok report_IP="" #IP地址 ok report_MAC="" #MAC地址 ok report_Gateway="" #默认网关 ok report_DNS="" #DNS ok report_Listen="" #监听 ok report_Selinux="" #Selinux ok report_Firewall="" #防火墙 ok report_USERs="" #用户 ok report_USEREmptyPassword="" #空密码用户 ok report_USERTheSameUID="" #相同ID的用户 ok report_PasswordExpiry="" #密码过期（天） ok report_RootUser="" #root用户 ok report_Sudoers="" #sudo授权 ok report_SSHAuthorized="" #SSH信任主机 ok report_SSHDProtocolVersion="" #SSH协议版本 ok report_SSHDPermitRootLogin="" #允许root远程登录 ok report_DefunctProsess="" #僵尸进程数量 ok report_SelfInitiatedService="" #自启动服务数量 ok report_SelfInitiatedProgram="" #自启动程序数量 ok report_RuningService="" #运行中服务数 ok report_Crontab="" #计划任务数 ok report_Syslog="" #日志服务 ok report_SNMP="" #SNMP OK report_NTP="" #NTP ok report_JDK="" #JDK版本 ok function version(){ echo "" echo "" echo "系统巡检脚本：Version $VERSION" } function getCpuStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ CPU检查 #############################" Physical_CPUs=$(grep "physical id" /proc/cpuinfo| sort | uniq | wc -l) Virt_CPUs=$(grep "processor" /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l) CPU_Kernels=$(grep "cores" /proc/cpuinfo|uniq| awk -F ': ' '{print $2}') CPU_Type=$(grep "model name" /proc/cpuinfo | awk -F ': ' '{print $2}' | sort | uniq) CPU_Arch=$(uname -m) echo "物理CPU个数:$Physical_CPUs" echo "逻辑CPU个数:$Virt_CPUs" echo "每CPU核心数:$CPU_Kernels" echo " CPU型号:$CPU_Type" echo " CPU架构:$CPU_Arch" #报表信息 report_CPUs=$Virt_CPUs #CPU数量 report_CPUType=$CPU_Type #CPU类型 report_Arch=$CPU_Arch #CPU架构 } function getMemStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ 内存检查 ############################" if [[ $centosVersion < 7 ]];then free -mo else free -h fi #报表信息 MemTotal=$(grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo| awk '{print $2}') #KB MemFree=$(grep MemFree /proc/meminfo| awk '{print $2}') #KB let MemUsed=MemTotal-MemFree MemPercent=$(awk "BEGIN {if($MemTotal==0){printf 100}else{printf \"%.2f\",$MemUsed*100/$MemTotal}}") report_MemTotal="$((MemTotal/1024))""MB" #内存总容量(MB) report_MemFree="$((MemFree/1024))""MB" #内存剩余(MB) report_MemUsedPercent="$(awk "BEGIN {if($MemTotal==0){printf 100}else{printf \"%.2f\",$MemUsed*100/$MemTotal}}")""%" #内存使用率% } function getDiskStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ 磁盘检查 ############################" df -hiP | sed 's/Mounted on/Mounted/'> /tmp/inode df -hTP | sed 's/Mounted on/Mounted/'> /tmp/disk join /tmp/disk /tmp/inode | awk '{print $1,$2,"|",$3,$4,$5,$6,"|",$8,$9,$10,$11,"|",$12}'| column -t #报表信息 diskdata=$(df -TP | sed '1d' | awk '$2!="tmpfs"{print}') #KB disktotal=$(echo "$diskdata" | awk '{total+=$3}END{print total}') #KB diskused=$(echo "$diskdata" | awk '{total+=$4}END{print total}') #KB diskfree=$((disktotal-diskused)) #KB diskusedpercent=$(echo $disktotal $diskused | awk '{if($1==0){printf 100}else{printf "%.2f",$2*100/$1}}') inodedata=$(df -iTP | sed '1d' | awk '$2!="tmpfs"{print}') inodetotal=$(echo "$inodedata" | awk '{total+=$3}END{print total}') inodeused=$(echo "$inodedata" | awk '{total+=$4}END{print total}') inodefree=$((inodetotal-inodeused)) inodeusedpercent=$(echo $inodetotal $inodeused | awk '{if($1==0){printf 100}else{printf "%.2f",$2*100/$1}}') report_DiskTotal=$((disktotal/1024/1024))"GB" #硬盘总容量(GB) report_DiskFree=$((diskfree/1024/1024))"GB" #硬盘剩余(GB) report_DiskUsedPercent="$diskusedpercent""%" #硬盘使用率% report_InodeTotal=$((inodetotal/1000))"K" #Inode总量 report_InodeFree=$((inodefree/1000))"K" #Inode剩余 report_InodeUsedPercent="$inodeusedpercent""%" #Inode使用率% } function getSystemStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ 系统检查 ############################" if [ -e /etc/sysconfig/i18n ];then default_LANG="$(grep "LANG=" /etc/sysconfig/i18n | grep -v "^#" | awk -F '"' '{print $2}')" else default_LANG=$LANG fi export LANG="en_US.UTF-8" Release=$(cat /etc/redhat-release 2>/dev/null) Kernel=$(uname -r) OS=$(uname -o) Hostname=$(uname -n) SELinux=$(/usr/sbin/sestatus | grep "SELinux status: " | awk '{print $3}') LastReboot=$(who -b | awk '{print $3,$4}') uptime=$(uptime | sed 's/.*up \([^,]*\), .*/\1/') echo " 系统：$OS" echo " 发行版本：$Release" echo " 内核：$Kernel" echo " 主机名：$Hostname" echo " SELinux：$SELinux" echo "语言/编码：$default_LANG" echo " 当前时间：$(date +'%F %T')" echo " 最后启动：$LastReboot" echo " 运行时间：$uptime" #报表信息 report_DateTime=$(date +"%F %T") #日期 report_Hostname="$Hostname" #主机名 report_OSRelease="$Release" #发行版本 report_Kernel="$Kernel" #内核 report_Language="$default_LANG" #语言/编码 report_LastReboot="$LastReboot" #最近启动时间 report_Uptime="$uptime" #运行时间（天） report_Selinux="$SELinux" export LANG="$default_LANG" } function getServiceStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ 服务检查 ############################" echo "" if [[ $centosVersion > 7 ]];then conf=$(systemctl list-unit-files --type=service --state=enabled --no-pager | grep "enabled") process=$(systemctl list-units --type=service --state=running --no-pager | grep ".service") #报表信息 report_SelfInitiatedService="$(echo "$conf" | wc -l)" #自启动服务数量 report_RuningService="$(echo "$process" | wc -l)" #运行中服务数量 else conf=$(/sbin/chkconfig | grep -E ":on|:启用") process=$(/sbin/service --status-all 2>/dev/null | grep -E "is running|正在运行") #报表信息 report_SelfInitiatedService="$(echo "$conf" | wc -l)" #自启动服务数量 report_RuningService="$(echo "$process" | wc -l)" #运行中服务数量 fi echo "服务配置" echo "--------" echo "$conf" | column -t echo "" echo "正在运行的服务" echo "--------------" echo "$process" } function getAutoStartStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ 自启动检查 ##########################" conf=$(grep -v "^#" /etc/rc.d/rc.local| sed '/^$/d') echo "$conf" #报表信息 report_SelfInitiatedProgram="$(echo $conf | wc -l)" #自启动程序数量 } function getLoginStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ 登录检查 ############################" last | head } function getNetworkStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ 网络检查 ############################" if [[ $centosVersion < 7 ]];then /sbin/ifconfig -a | grep -v packets | grep -v collisions | grep -v inet6 else #ip a for i in $(ip link | grep BROADCAST | awk -F: '{print $2}');do ip add show $i | grep -E "BROADCAST|global"| awk '{print $2}' | tr '\n' ' ' ;echo "" ;done fi GATEWAY=$(ip route | grep default | awk '{print $3}') DNS=$(grep nameserver /etc/resolv.conf| grep -v "#" | awk '{print $2}' | tr '\n' ',' | sed 's/,$//') echo "" echo "网关：$GATEWAY " echo " DNS：$DNS" #报表信息 IP=$(ip -f inet addr | grep -v 127.0.0.1 | grep inet | awk '{print $NF,$2}' | tr '\n' ',' | sed 's/,$//') MAC=$(ip link | grep -v "LOOPBACK\|loopback" | awk '{print $2}' | sed 'N;s/\n//' | tr '\n' ',' | sed 's/,$//') report_IP="$IP" #IP地址 report_MAC=$MAC #MAC地址 report_Gateway="$GATEWAY" #默认网关 report_DNS="$DNS" #DNS } function getListenStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ 监听检查 ############################" TCPListen=$(ss -ntul | column -t) echo "$TCPListen" #报表信息 report_Listen="$(echo "$TCPListen"| sed '1d' | awk '/tcp/ {print $5}' | awk -F: '{print $NF}' | sort | uniq | wc -l)" } function getCronStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ 计划任务检查 ########################" Crontab=0 for shell in $(grep -v "/sbin/nologin" /etc/shells);do for user in $(grep "$shell" /etc/passwd| awk -F: '{print $1}');do crontab -l -u $user >/dev/null 2>&1 status=$? if [ $status -eq 0 ];then echo "$user" echo "--------" crontab -l -u $user let Crontab=Crontab+$(crontab -l -u $user | wc -l) echo "" fi done done #计划任务 find /etc/cron* -type f | xargs -i ls -l {} | column -t let Crontab=Crontab+$(find /etc/cron* -type f | wc -l) #报表信息 report_Crontab="$Crontab" #计划任务数 } function getHowLongAgo(){ # 计算一个时间戳离现在有多久了 datetime="$*" [ -z "$datetime" ] && echo "错误的参数：getHowLongAgo() $*" Timestamp=$(date +%s -d "$datetime") #转化为时间戳 Now_Timestamp=$(date +%s) Difference_Timestamp=$(($Now_Timestamp-$Timestamp)) days=0;hours=0;minutes=0; sec_in_day=$((60*60*24)); sec_in_hour=$((60*60)); sec_in_minute=60 while (( $(($Difference_Timestamp-$sec_in_day)) > 1 )) do let Difference_Timestamp=Difference_Timestamp-sec_in_day let days++ done while (( $(($Difference_Timestamp-$sec_in_hour)) > 1 )) do let Difference_Timestamp=Difference_Timestamp-sec_in_hour let hours++ done echo "$days 天 $hours 小时前" } function getUserLastLogin(){ # 获取用户最近一次登录的时间，含年份 # 很遗憾last命令不支持显示年份，只有"last -t YYYYMMDDHHMMSS"表示某个时间之间的登录，我 # 们只能用最笨的方法了，对比今天之前和今年元旦之前（或者去年之前和前年之前……）某个用户 # 登录次数，如果登录统计次数有变化，则说明最近一次登录是今年。 username=$1 : ${username:="`whoami`"} thisYear=$(date +%Y) oldesYear=$(last | tail -n1 | awk '{print $NF}') while(( $thisYear >= $oldesYear));do loginBeforeToday=$(last $username | grep $username | wc -l) loginBeforeNewYearsDayOfThisYear=$(last $username -t $thisYear"0101000000" | grep $username | wc -l) if [ $loginBeforeToday -eq 0 ];then echo "从未登录过" break elif [ $loginBeforeToday -gt $loginBeforeNewYearsDayOfThisYear ];then lastDateTime=$(last -i $username | head -n1 | awk '{for(i=4;i<(NF-2);i++)printf"%s ",$i}')" $thisYear" #格式如: Sat Nov 2 20:33 2015 lastDateTime=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S" -d "$lastDateTime") echo "$lastDateTime" break else thisYear=$((thisYear-1)) fi done } function getUserStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ 用户检查 ############################" #/etc/passwd 最后修改时间 pwdfile="$(cat /etc/passwd)" Modify=$(stat /etc/passwd | grep Modify | tr '.' ' ' | awk '{print $2,$3}') echo "/etc/passwd 最后修改时间：$Modify ($(getHowLongAgo $Modify))" echo "" echo "特权用户" echo "--------" RootUser="" for user in $(echo "$pwdfile" | awk -F: '{print $1}');do if [ $(id -u $user) -eq 0 ];then echo "$user" RootUser="$RootUser,$user" fi done echo "" echo "用户列表" echo "--------" USERs=0 echo "$( echo "用户名 UID GID HOME SHELL 最后一次登录" for shell in $(grep -v "/sbin/nologin" /etc/shells);do for username in $(grep "$shell" /etc/passwd| awk -F: '{print $1}');do userLastLogin="$(getUserLastLogin $username)" echo "$pwdfile" | grep -w "$username" |grep -w "$shell"| awk -F: -v lastlogin="$(echo "$userLastLogin" | tr ' ' '_')" '{print $1,$3,$4,$6,$7,lastlogin}' done let USERs=USERs+$(echo "$pwdfile" | grep "$shell"| wc -l) done )" | column -t echo "" echo "空密码用户" echo "----------" USEREmptyPassword="" for shell in $(grep -v "/sbin/nologin" /etc/shells);do for user in $(echo "$pwdfile" | grep "$shell" | cut -d: -f1);do r=$(awk -F: '$2=="!!"{print $1}' /etc/shadow | grep -w $user) if [ ! -z $r ];then echo $r USEREmptyPassword="$USEREmptyPassword,"$r fi done done echo "" echo "相同ID的用户" echo "------------" USERTheSameUID="" UIDs=$(cut -d: -f3 /etc/passwd | sort | uniq -c | awk '$1>1{print $2}') for uid in $UIDs;do echo -n "$uid"; USERTheSameUID="$uid" r=$(awk -F: 'ORS="";$3=='"$uid"'{print ":",$1}' /etc/passwd) echo "$r" echo "" USERTheSameUID="$USERTheSameUID $r," done #报表信息 report_USERs="$USERs" #用户 report_USEREmptyPassword=$(echo $USEREmptyPassword | sed 's/^,//') report_USERTheSameUID=$(echo $USERTheSameUID | sed 's/,$//') report_RootUser=$(echo $RootUser | sed 's/^,//') #特权用户 } function getPasswordStatus { echo "" echo "" echo "############################ 密码检查 ############################" pwdfile="$(cat /etc/passwd)" echo "" echo "密码过期检查" echo "------------" result="" for shell in $(grep -v "/sbin/nologin" /etc/shells);do for user in $(echo "$pwdfile" | grep "$shell" | cut -d: -f1);do get_expiry_date=$(/usr/bin/chage -l $user | grep 'Password expires' | cut -d: -f2) if [[ $get_expiry_date = ' never' || $get_expiry_date = 'never' ]];then printf "%-15s 永不过期\n" $user result="$result,$user:never" else password_expiry_date=$(date -d "$get_expiry_date" "+%s") current_date=$(date "+%s") diff=$(($password_expiry_date-$current_date)) let DAYS=$(($diff/(60*60*24))) printf "%-15s %s天后过期\n" $user $DAYS result="$result,$user:$DAYS days" fi done done report_PasswordExpiry=$(echo $result | sed 's/^,//') echo "" echo "密码策略检查" echo "------------" grep -v "#" /etc/login.defs | grep -E "PASS_MAX_DAYS|PASS_MIN_DAYS|PASS_MIN_LEN|PASS_WARN_AGE" } function getSudoersStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ Sudoers检查 #########################" conf=$(grep -v "^#" /etc/sudoers| grep -v "^Defaults" | sed '/^$/d') echo "$conf" echo "" #报表信息 report_Sudoers="$(echo $conf | wc -l)" } function getInstalledStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ 软件检查 ############################" rpm -qa --last | head | column -t } function getProcessStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ 进程检查 ############################" if [ $(ps -ef | grep defunct | grep -v grep | wc -l) -ge 1 ];then echo "" echo "僵尸进程"; echo "--------" ps -ef | head -n1 ps -ef | grep defunct | grep -v grep fi echo "" echo "内存占用TOP10" echo "-------------" echo -e "PID %MEM RSS COMMAND $(ps aux | awk '{print $2, $4, $6, $11}' | sort -k3rn | head -n 10 )"| column -t echo "" echo "CPU占用TOP10" echo "------------" top b -n1 | head -17 | tail -11 #报表信息 report_DefunctProsess="$(ps -ef | grep defunct | grep -v grep|wc -l)" } function getJDKStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ JDK检查 #############################" java -version 2>/dev/null if [ $? -eq 0 ];then java -version 2>&1 fi echo "JAVA_HOME=\"$JAVA_HOME\"" #报表信息 report_JDK="$(java -version 2>&1 | grep version | awk '{print $1,$3}' | tr -d '"')" } function getSyslogStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ syslog检查 ##########################" echo "服务状态：$(getState rsyslog)" echo "" echo "/etc/rsyslog.conf" echo "-----------------" cat /etc/rsyslog.conf 2>/dev/null | grep -v "^#" | grep -v "^\\$" | sed '/^$/d' | column -t #报表信息 report_Syslog="$(getState rsyslog)" } function getFirewallStatus(){ echo "" echo "" echo "############################ 防火墙检查 ##########################" #防火墙状态，策略等 if [[ $centosVersion < 7 ]];then /etc/init.d/iptables status >/dev/null 2>&1 status=$? if [ $status -eq 0 ];then s="active" elif [ $status -eq 3 ];then s="inactive" elif [ $status -eq 4 ];then s="permission denied" else s="unknown" fi else s="$(getState iptables)" fi echo "iptables: $s" echo "" echo "/etc/sysconfig/iptables" echo "-----------------------" cat /etc/sysconfig/iptables 2>/dev/null #报表信息 report_Firewall="$s" } function getSNMPStatus(){ #SNMP服务状态，配置等 echo "" echo "" echo "############################ SNMP检查 ############################" status="$(getState snmpd)" echo "服务状态：$status" echo "" if [ -e /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf ];then echo "/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf" echo "--------------------" cat /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf 2>/dev/null | grep -v "^#" | sed '/^$/d' fi #报表信息 report_SNMP="$(getState snmpd)" } function getState(){ if [[ $centosVersion < 7 ]];then if [ -e "/etc/init.d/$1" ];then if [ `/etc/init.d/$1 status 2>/dev/null | grep -E "is running|正在运行" | wc -l` -ge 1 ];then r="active" else r="inactive" fi else r="unknown" fi else #CentOS 7+ r="$(systemctl is-active $1 2>&1)" fi echo "$r" } function getSSHStatus(){ #SSHD服务状态，配置,受信任主机等 echo "" echo "" echo "############################ SSH检查 #############################" #检查受信任主机 pwdfile="$(cat /etc/passwd)" echo "服务状态：$(getState sshd)" Protocol_Version=$(cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config | grep Protocol | awk '{print $2}') echo "SSH协议版本：$Protocol_Version" echo "" echo "信任主机" echo "--------" authorized=0 for user in $(echo "$pwdfile" | grep /bin/bash | awk -F: '{print $1}');do authorize_file=$(echo "$pwdfile" | grep -w $user | awk -F: '{printf $6"/.ssh/authorized_keys"}') authorized_host=$(cat $authorize_file 2>/dev/null | awk '{print $3}' | tr '\n' ',' | sed 's/,$//') if [ ! -z $authorized_host ];then echo "$user 授权 \"$authorized_host\" 无密码访问" fi let authorized=authorized+$(cat $authorize_file 2>/dev/null | awk '{print $3}'|wc -l) done echo "" echo "是否允许ROOT远程登录" echo "--------------------" config=$(cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config | grep PermitRootLogin) firstChar=${config:0:1} if [ $firstChar == "#" ];then PermitRootLogin="yes" #默认是允许ROOT远程登录的 else PermitRootLogin=$(echo $config | awk '{print $2}') fi echo "PermitRootLogin $PermitRootLogin" echo "" echo "/etc/ssh/sshd_config" echo "--------------------" cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config | grep -v "^#" | sed '/^$/d' #报表信息 report_SSHAuthorized="$authorized" #SSH信任主机 report_SSHDProtocolVersion="$Protocol_Version" #SSH协议版本 report_SSHDPermitRootLogin="$PermitRootLogin" #允许root远程登录 } function getNTPStatus(){ #NTP服务状态，当前时间，配置等 echo "" echo "" echo "############################ NTP检查 #############################" if [ -e /etc/ntp.conf ];then echo "服务状态：$(getState ntpd)" echo "" echo "/etc/ntp.conf" echo "-------------" cat /etc/ntp.conf 2>/dev/null | grep -v "^#" | sed '/^$/d' fi #报表信息 report_NTP="$(getState ntpd)" } function uploadHostDailyCheckReport(){ json="{ \"DateTime\":\"$report_DateTime\", \"Hostname\":\"$report_Hostname\", \"OSRelease\":\"$report_OSRelease\", \"Kernel\":\"$report_Kernel\", \"Language\":\"$report_Language\", \"LastReboot\":\"$report_LastReboot\", \"Uptime\":\"$report_Uptime\", \"CPUs\":\"$report_CPUs\", \"CPUType\":\"$report_CPUType\", \"Arch\":\"$report_Arch\", \"MemTotal\":\"$report_MemTotal\", \"MemFree\":\"$report_MemFree\", \"MemUsedPercent\":\"$report_MemUsedPercent\", \"DiskTotal\":\"$report_DiskTotal\", \"DiskFree\":\"$report_DiskFree\", \"DiskUsedPercent\":\"$report_DiskUsedPercent\", \"InodeTotal\":\"$report_InodeTotal\", \"InodeFree\":\"$report_InodeFree\", \"InodeUsedPercent\":\"$report_InodeUsedPercent\", \"IP\":\"$report_IP\", \"MAC\":\"$report_MAC\", \"Gateway\":\"$report_Gateway\", \"DNS\":\"$report_DNS\", \"Listen\":\"$report_Listen\", \"Selinux\":\"$report_Selinux\", \"Firewall\":\"$report_Firewall\", \"USERs\":\"$report_USERs\", \"USEREmptyPassword\":\"$report_USEREmptyPassword\", \"USERTheSameUID\":\"$report_USERTheSameUID\", \"PasswordExpiry\":\"$report_PasswordExpiry\", \"RootUser\":\"$report_RootUser\", \"Sudoers\":\"$report_Sudoers\", \"SSHAuthorized\":\"$report_SSHAuthorized\", \"SSHDProtocolVersion\":\"$report_SSHDProtocolVersion\", \"SSHDPermitRootLogin\":\"$report_SSHDPermitRootLogin\", \"DefunctProsess\":\"$report_DefunctProsess\", \"SelfInitiatedService\":\"$report_SelfInitiatedService\", \"SelfInitiatedProgram\":\"$report_SelfInitiatedProgram\", \"RuningService\":\"$report_RuningService\", \"Crontab\":\"$report_Crontab\", \"Syslog\":\"$report_Syslog\", \"SNMP\":\"$report_SNMP\", \"NTP\":\"$report_NTP\", \"JDK\":\"$report_JDK\" }" #echo "$json" curl -l -H "Content-type: application/json" -X POST -d "$json" "$uploadHostDailyCheckReportApi" 2>/dev/null } function getchage_file_24h() { echo "############################ 文件检查 #############################" check2=$(find / -name '*.sh' -mtime -1) check21=$(find / -name '*.asp' -mtime -1) check22=$(find / -name '*.php' -mtime -1) check23=$(find / -name '*.aspx' -mtime -1) check24=$(find / -name '*.jsp' -mtime -1) check25=$(find / -name '*.html' -mtime -1) check26=$(find / -name '*.htm' -mtime -1) check9=$(find / -name core -exec ls -l {} \;) check10=$(cat /etc/crontab) check12=$(ls -alt /usr/bin | head -10) cat <<EOF ############################查看所有被修改过的文件返回最近24小时内的############################ ${check2} ${check21} ${check22} ${check23} ${check24} ${check25} ${check26} ${line} ############################检查定时文件的完整性############################ ${check10} ${line} ############################查看系统命令是否被替换############################ ${check12} ${line} EOF } function check(){ version getSystemStatus getCpuStatus getMemStatus getDiskStatus getNetworkStatus getListenStatus getProcessStatus getServiceStatus getAutoStartStatus getLoginStatus getCronStatus getUserStatus getPasswordStatus getSudoersStatus getJDKStatus getFirewallStatus getSSHStatus getSyslogStatus getSNMPStatus getNTPStatus getInstalledStatus getchage_file_24h } #执行检查并保存检查结果 check > $RESULTFILE echo "检查结果：$RESULTFILE" echo -e "`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"` 服务器巡检报告" | mail -a $RESULTFILE -s "服务器巡检报告" openai_ayou@163.com